When thinking mathematically, most people use proportions. For example, if someone is brewing coffee and needs two scoops of granules for six cups, they intuitively know they need four scoops to make 12 cups.
So if a person who thinks that way was told a 100-hp engine at full throttle could make a certain car go 100 MPH and then asked how fast a 200-hp engine would make the same car go, they’re likely to answer 200 MPH.